Panic in stage 4 in BIOS boot

The bootloader panics on line 242 with failed to identity map fame PhysFrame[4kib](20a000): PageAlreadyMapped(PhysFrame[4Kib](0x20a000))

bootloader/common/src/lib.rs

Lines 229 to 244 in c73786d

    
           // identity-map context switch function, so that we don't get an immediate pagefault 
        
           // after switching the active page table 
        
           let context_switch_function = PhysAddr::new(context_switch as *const () as u64); 
        
           let context_switch_function_start_frame: PhysFrame = 
        
               PhysFrame::containing_address(context_switch_function); 
        
           for frame in PhysFrame::range_inclusive( 
        
               context_switch_function_start_frame, 
        
               context_switch_function_start_frame + 1, 
        
           ) { 
        
               match unsafe { 
        
                   kernel_page_table.identity_map(frame, PageTableFlags::PRESENT, frame_allocator) 
        
               } { 
        
                   Ok(tlb) => tlb.flush(), 
        
                   Err(err) => panic!("failed to identity map frame {:?}: {:?}", frame, err), 
        
               } 
        
           }

I checked the mapping for 0x20b000 and QEMU says its mapped to 0x20b000

A potental fix would be to just ignore the error with an extra match arm Err(MapToError::PageAlreadyMapped(frame)) => {}

Thanks for reporting! Could you give us instructions how to reproduce this error?

I suspect that this could be caused by a non-PIE kernel that maps memory to the same address we use for the context switch in the bootloader. The error occurs because we load the context switch function into the kernel's address space. We currently need to do this because the address space switch is not the last instruction of the context switch, so the context switch function needs to be mapped in the kernel's address space to complete.

Similar errors could probably be provoked by setting other addresses (e.g. frame buffer, boot info) to this address.

This might be fixed by #240.

A potental fix would be to just ignore the error with an extra match arm Err(MapToError::PageAlreadyMapped(frame)) => {}

No, this wouldn't work, the current implementation expects the context switch function to be mapped in both address spaces. Ignoring the error would mean that the context switch function would jump into rogue kernel memory after doing the address space switch.

After removing "-C","relocation-model=static" and "-C","link-arg=-no-pie" from rustflags the bootloader now boots correctly so it seems that is the likely cause.

A potental fix would be to just ignore the error with an extra match arm Err(MapToError::PageAlreadyMapped(frame)) > > => {}

No, this wouldn't work, the current implementation expects the context switch function to be mapped in both address spaces. Ignoring the error would mean that the context switch function would jump into rogue kernel memory after doing the address space switch.

I was supposed to put a match guard in there. Using gva2gpa on the page that threw the error and the ones before and after it all seem to be identity mapped already.

After removing "-C","relocation-model=static" and "-C","link-arg=-no-pie" from rustflags the bootloader now boots correctly so it seems that is the likely cause.

I just tried to reproduce the error by adding these flags, but it still works fine for a small test kernel. Do you have the project where this happens online somewhere so that we can try to reproduce the error?

Do you have the project where this happens online somewhere so that we can try to reproduce the error?

Yep its here

Thanks a lot! I created a PR to avoid that issue for now at #337.

In the long term, I agree that we need a more general fix for this, such as #240 (which I still haven't had time to review yet unfortunately).

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Panic in stage 4 in BIOS boot #331

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	// identity-map context switch function, so that we don't get an immediate pagefault
	// after switching the active page table
	let context_switch_function = PhysAddr::new(context_switch as *const () as u64);
	let context_switch_function_start_frame: PhysFrame =
	PhysFrame::containing_address(context_switch_function);
	for frame in PhysFrame::range_inclusive(
	context_switch_function_start_frame,
	context_switch_function_start_frame + 1,
	) {
	match unsafe {
	kernel_page_table.identity_map(frame, PageTableFlags::PRESENT, frame_allocator)
	} {
	Ok(tlb) => tlb.flush(),
	Err(err) => panic!("failed to identity map frame {:?}: {:?}", frame, err),
	}
	}

Panic in stage 4 in BIOS boot #331

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phil-opp commented on Jan 21, 2023

Freax13 commented on Jan 21, 2023

an-owl commented on Jan 21, 2023

phil-opp commented on Jan 26, 2023

an-owl commented on Jan 27, 2023

phil-opp commented on Jan 27, 2023

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