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feat(Computability): quantum computing foundations #688

Description

@exAClior

Motivation

The CSLib whitepaper lists quantum computation as an in-scope model of computation, but CSLib currently has no quantum computing definitions. The Computability/ directory covers automata, Turing machines, and URMs — quantum computing is a natural next entry.

Proposal

Add foundational definitions for the quantum circuit model under Cslib/Computability/Quantum/:

  • Quantum registers — finite-dimensional basis type (qubits as the standard case)
  • Pure states — unit vectors in a complex Hilbert space over a register
  • Unitary gates — norm-preserving operators that evolve quantum states

Together these define the quantum circuit model — the standard framework for describing quantum algorithms.

Activity

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