[adamtheturtle]

Closes #3831.

Remove cloud image target management and recognition across shared state, requests/HTTPX/HTTPX2 interception, Flask routes, contract tests, credential provisioning, examples, and deployment. Remove the VWQ service/image and image matching dependencies. Preserve Model Target, OAuth2, and VuMark behavior, including the separately installable server and its VWS/target-manager deployment.

Retarget shared request validation and transport tests to VuMark, retain Model Target contracts, and update CI partitions and executable documentation for the remaining APIs.

Validation:

• Hosted CI passes for this head, including Linux/Windows tests, Docker deployment and image builds, the installed-wheel consumer, lint/types, and documentation.
• Combined statement and branch coverage is 100%, with no missed lines or branches.
• Both focused credential-selection tests pass locally, including using synthetic credentials without a backend selector or valid real-service settings.
• 582 tests passed with the companion client/auth changes on PYTHONPATH.

Companion PRs: VWS-Python/vws-python#3329, VWS-Python/vws-cli#2714, VWS-Python/vws-web-tools#1682, VWS-Python/vws-test-fixtures#2026, and VWS-Python/vws-auth-tools#2011. Release the fixture retirement after downstream removals.