doc: document REPL DEP0185 throws and uncaught-exception behavior

Two doc-only improvements to `doc/api/repl.md`, both filling gaps left
by recent semver-major REPL changes:

1. `repl.REPLServer` is an ES class; calling it without `new` is
   End-of-Life (DEP0185) and throws a native V8 `TypeError`. The
   "Class: REPLServer" section now notes this and links to the DEP0185
   entry in `doc/api/deprecations.md`. No `Stability: 0` banner is
   added because the class itself is not deprecated — only the
   `new`-less invocation is — matching the parallel DEP0184/DEP0195
   "classes without `new`" convention.

2. PR #64034 ("repl: use inspector over vm") removed the old
   "Global uncaught exceptions" subsection because the `domain`-based
   restrictions it documented no longer exist. A new top-level
   `### Error handling` section documents the current model (mirroring
   the `### Error handling` convention in async_hooks/http2/quic),
   anchored to the existing `Uncaught Error: REPL await` example.

Refs: #59495
Refs: #54869
Refs: #54842
Refs: #64034
Signed-off-by: Adrian Estrada <edsadr@gmail.com>
PR-URL: #64993
Reviewed-By: Erick Wendel <erick.workspace@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Ulises Gascón <ulisesgascongonzalez@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Rafael Gonzaga <rafael.nunu@hotmail.com>

Author: edsadr

doc/api/repl.md

@@ -276,6 +276,15 @@ Uncaught SyntaxError: Identifier 'm' has already been declared
 
 [`--no-experimental-repl-await`][] shall disable top-level await in REPL.
 
+### Error handling
+
+By default, uncaught exceptions in the REPL are printed to the output stream
+(as with `Uncaught Error: REPL await` above). `uncaughtException` listeners
+can be added freely in both standalone and nested REPLs. The `handleError`
+option of [`repl.start()`][] can customize this behavior, including
+forwarding exceptions to [`'uncaughtException'`][] by returning
+`'unhandled'`.
+
 ### Reverse-i-search
 
 <!-- YAML
@@ -469,6 +478,9 @@ const firstInstance = repl.start(options);
 const secondInstance = new repl.REPLServer(options);
 ```
 
+Calling `repl.REPLServer()` without the `new` keyword throws a `TypeError`
+(see [DEP0185][]).
+
 ### Event: `'exit'`
 
 <!-- YAML
@@ -1170,6 +1182,7 @@ avoiding open network interfaces.
 
 Original code from <https://gist.github.com/TooTallNate/2053342>.
 
+[DEP0185]: deprecations.md#dep0185-instantiating-noderepl-classes-without-new
 [TTY keybindings]: readline.md#tty-keybindings
 [ZSH]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z_shell
 [`'uncaughtException'`]: process.md#event-uncaughtexception