diff --git a/azure-pipelines.yml b/azure-pipelines.yml
index c4b8dcfd603..ce961495f39 100644
--- a/azure-pipelines.yml
+++ b/azure-pipelines.yml
@@ -182,15 +182,6 @@ stages:
               PYTEST_QT_API=PyQt6 pytest -m "not ultraslowtest" ${TEST_OPTIONS}
               python -m pip uninstall -yq PyQt6 PyQt6-sip PyQt6-Qt6
             displayName: PyQt6
-          # PyQt5 leaves cruft behind, so run it last
-          - bash: |
-              set -eo pipefail
-              python -m pip install PyQt5
-              mne sys_info -pd
-              mne sys_info -pd | grep "qtpy .* (PyQt5=.*)$"
-              PYTEST_QT_API=PyQt5 pytest -m "not ultraslowtest" ${TEST_OPTIONS}
-              python -m pip uninstall -yq PyQt5 PyQt5-sip PyQt5-Qt5
-            displayName: PyQt5
           - bash: bash <(curl -s https://codecov.io/bash)
             displayName: Codecov
             condition: succeededOrFailed()
diff --git a/doc/changes/dev/13981.dependency.rst b/doc/changes/dev/13981.dependency.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..46bb3cc4212
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/changes/dev/13981.dependency.rst
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+PyQt5 is no longer an officially supported Qt binding, by `Eric Larson`_.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/doc/install/advanced.rst b/doc/install/advanced.rst
index f1e217403aa..1c19f6e28b5 100644
--- a/doc/install/advanced.rst
+++ b/doc/install/advanced.rst
@@ -104,14 +104,14 @@ instructions for installing from a ``git clone`` in the :ref:`contributing`.
 Choosing the Qt framework
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-The ``conda-forge`` version of MNE-Python ships with PyQt5. If you would like to
+The ``conda-forge`` version of MNE-Python ships with PySide6. If you would like to
 use a different binding, you can instead install MNE-Python via ``pip``:
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
-    $ pip install "mne[full]"          # uses PyQt6
-    $ pip install "mne[full-pyqt6]"    # same as above
-    $ pip install "mne[full-pyside6]"  # use PySide6
+    $ pip install "mne[full]"          # uses PySide6
+    $ pip install "mne[full-pyside6]"  # same as above
+    $ pip install "mne[full-pyqt6]"    # uses PyQt6
     $ pip install "mne[full-no-qt]"    # don't install any Qt binding
 
 .. _CUDA:
diff --git a/mne/conftest.py b/mne/conftest.py
index 5b372cb91c3..b6da95824e3 100644
--- a/mne/conftest.py
+++ b/mne/conftest.py
@@ -669,10 +669,6 @@ def _check_pyqtgraph(request):
             pytest.skip(f'Test "{f_name}" was skipped for mne-qt-browser < 0.2.0')
     except Exception:
         pytest.skip("Requires mne_qt_browser")
-    else:
-        ver = mne_qt_browser.__version__
-        if api != "PyQt5" and _compare_version(ver, "<=", "0.2.6"):
-            pytest.skip(f"mne_qt_browser {ver} requires PyQt5, API is {api}")
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
diff --git a/tools/github_actions_env_vars.sh b/tools/github_actions_env_vars.sh
index 4aef0ff0316..ad8035de854 100755
--- a/tools/github_actions_env_vars.sh
+++ b/tools/github_actions_env_vars.sh
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ elif [[ "$MNE_CI_KIND" == "minimal" ]]; then
 elif [[ "$MNE_CI_KIND" == "old" ]]; then
     echo "MNE_IGNORE_WARNINGS_IN_TESTS=true" | tee -a $GITHUB_ENV
     echo "MNE_SKIP_NETWORK_TESTS=1" | tee -a $GITHUB_ENV
-    echo "MNE_QT_BACKEND=PyQt5" | tee -a $GITHUB_ENV
+    echo "MNE_QT_BACKEND=PyQt6" | tee -a $GITHUB_ENV
 elif [[ "$MNE_CI_KIND" == "conda" ]]; then
     echo "Setting conda env vars for $MNE_CI_KIND"
     echo "CONDA_ENV=environment.yml" | tee -a $GITHUB_ENV
diff --git a/tools/setup_xvfb.sh b/tools/setup_xvfb.sh
index d22f8e2b7ac..6d32a0e00fb 100755
--- a/tools/setup_xvfb.sh
+++ b/tools/setup_xvfb.sh
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ for apt_file in `grep -lr microsoft /etc/apt/sources.list.d/`; do
     sudo rm $apt_file
 done
 
-# This also includes the libraries necessary for PyQt5/PyQt6
+# This also includes the libraries necessary for Qt6
 sudo apt update
 sudo apt install -yqq xvfb libxkbcommon-x11-0 libxcb-icccm4 libxcb-image0 libxcb-keysyms1 libxcb-randr0 libxcb-render-util0 libxcb-xinerama0 libxcb-xfixes0 libopengl0 libegl1 libosmesa6 mesa-utils libxcb-shape0 libxcb-cursor0 libxml2
 /sbin/start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile /tmp/custom_xvfb_99.pid --make-pidfile --background --exec /usr/bin/Xvfb -- :99 -screen 0 1400x900x24 -ac +extension GLX +render -noreset