diff --git a/packages/node-core/src/integrations/systemError.ts b/packages/node-core/src/integrations/systemError.ts
index 14c0c23ffa54..29c4410a01f9 100644
--- a/packages/node-core/src/integrations/systemError.ts
+++ b/packages/node-core/src/integrations/systemError.ts
@@ -20,6 +20,13 @@ function isSystemError(error: unknown): error is SystemError {
     return false;
   }
 
+  // Workaround for Bun where getSystemErrorMap doesn't exist
+  // Can be removed once Bun supports getSystemErrorMap
+  // https://github.com/oven-sh/bun/issues/22872
+  if (typeof util.getSystemErrorMap !== 'function') {
+    return false;
+  }
+
   // Appears this is the recommended way to check for Node.js SystemError
   // https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/46869
   return util.getSystemErrorMap().has(error.errno);
diff --git a/packages/node-core/test/integrations/systemError.test.ts b/packages/node-core/test/integrations/systemError.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3d29be490104
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/node-core/test/integrations/systemError.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+import type { Client, Event } from '@sentry/core';
+import type * as nodeUtil from 'node:util';
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+import { systemErrorIntegration } from '../../src/integrations/systemError';
+
+const mocks = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  getSystemErrorMap: vi.fn() as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn> | undefined,
+}));
+
+vi.mock('node:util', async importOriginal => {
+  const actual = (await importOriginal()) as typeof nodeUtil;
+  mocks.getSystemErrorMap = vi.fn(actual.getSystemErrorMap);
+  return {
+    ...actual,
+    get getSystemErrorMap() {
+      return mocks.getSystemErrorMap;
+    },
+  };
+});
+
+import * as util from 'node:util';
+
+describe('systemErrorIntegration', () => {
+  afterEach(() => {
+    vi.mocked(util.getSystemErrorMap).mockRestore();
+  });
+
+  function createClient(sendDefaultPii = false): Client {
+    return {
+      getOptions: () => ({ sendDefaultPii }),
+    } as unknown as Client;
+  }
+
+  it('returns the event unchanged when util.getSystemErrorMap is undefined (e.g. Bun)', () => {
+    const originalFn = mocks.getSystemErrorMap;
+    mocks.getSystemErrorMap = undefined;
+
+    try {
+      const integration = systemErrorIntegration();
+      const error = Object.assign(new Error('boom'), { errno: -2, path: '/some/path' });
+      const event = { exception: { values: [{ value: error.message }] } } as Event;
+
+      const result = integration.processEvent!(event, { originalException: error }, createClient()) as Event;
+
+      expect(result).toBe(event);
+      expect(result.contexts?.node_system_error).toBeUndefined();
+    } finally {
+      mocks.getSystemErrorMap = originalFn;
+    }
+  });
+
+  it('adds node_system_error context for a real SystemError', () => {
+    const errno = -2;
+    vi.mocked(util.getSystemErrorMap).mockReturnValue(
+      new Map<number, [string, string]>([[errno, ['ENOENT', 'no such file or directory']]]),
+    );
+
+    const integration = systemErrorIntegration();
+    const error = Object.assign(new Error("ENOENT: no such file or directory, open '/secret/path'"), {
+      errno,
+      path: '/secret/path',
+    });
+    const event = { exception: { values: [{ value: error.message }] } } as Event;
+
+    const result = integration.processEvent!(event, { originalException: error }, createClient()) as Event;
+
+    expect(result.contexts?.node_system_error).toEqual({ errno });
+    expect(result.exception?.values?.[0]?.value).not.toContain('/secret/path');
+  });
+
+  it('keeps path in context when sendDefaultPii is true', () => {
+    const errno = -2;
+    vi.mocked(util.getSystemErrorMap).mockReturnValue(
+      new Map<number, [string, string]>([[errno, ['ENOENT', 'no such file or directory']]]),
+    );
+
+    const integration = systemErrorIntegration();
+    const error = Object.assign(new Error('boom'), { errno, path: '/secret/path' });
+    const event = { exception: { values: [{ value: error.message }] } } as Event;
+
+    const result = integration.processEvent!(event, { originalException: error }, createClient(true)) as Event;
+
+    expect(result.contexts?.node_system_error).toEqual({ errno, path: '/secret/path' });
+  });
+
+  it('keeps path in context when includePaths option is true', () => {
+    const errno = -2;
+    vi.mocked(util.getSystemErrorMap).mockReturnValue(
+      new Map<number, [string, string]>([[errno, ['ENOENT', 'no such file or directory']]]),
+    );
+
+    const integration = systemErrorIntegration({ includePaths: true });
+    const error = Object.assign(new Error('boom'), { errno, path: '/secret/path' });
+    const event = { exception: { values: [{ value: error.message }] } } as Event;
+
+    const result = integration.processEvent!(event, { originalException: error }, createClient()) as Event;
+
+    expect(result.contexts?.node_system_error).toEqual({ errno, path: '/secret/path' });
+  });
+
+  it('returns the event unchanged when the error has no errno', () => {
+    vi.mocked(util.getSystemErrorMap).mockReturnValue(
+      new Map<number, [string, string]>([[-2, ['ENOENT', 'no such file or directory']]]),
+    );
+
+    const integration = systemErrorIntegration();
+    const error = new Error('not a system error');
+    const event = {} as Event;
+
+    const result = integration.processEvent!(event, { originalException: error }, createClient()) as Event;
+
+    expect(result?.contexts?.node_system_error).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it('returns the event unchanged when originalException is not an Error', () => {
+    vi.mocked(util.getSystemErrorMap).mockReturnValue(
+      new Map<number, [string, string]>([[-2, ['ENOENT', 'no such file or directory']]]),
+    );
+
+    const integration = systemErrorIntegration();
+    const event = {} as Event;
+
+    const result = integration.processEvent!(event, { originalException: 'not an error' }, createClient()) as Event;
+
+    expect(result.contexts?.node_system_error).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it('returns the event unchanged when errno is not in the system error map', () => {
+    vi.mocked(util.getSystemErrorMap).mockReturnValue(
+      new Map<number, [string, string]>([[-2, ['ENOENT', 'no such file or directory']]]),
+    );
+
+    const integration = systemErrorIntegration();
+    const error = Object.assign(new Error('unknown'), { errno: 99999 });
+    const event = {} as Event;
+
+    const result = integration.processEvent!(event, { originalException: error }, createClient()) as Event;
+
+    expect(result.contexts?.node_system_error).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+});