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title Step 5: Workflows
description Chain multiple steps together in a sequential workflow.
zone_pivot_groups programming-languages
author eavanvalkenburg
ms.topic tutorial
ms.author edvan
ms.date 02/09/2026
ms.service agent-framework

Step 5: Workflows

Workflows let you chain multiple steps together — each step processes data and passes it to the next.

:::zone pivot="programming-language-csharp"

Define workflow steps (executors):

using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows;

// Step 1: Convert text to uppercase
Func<string, string> uppercaseFunc = s => s.ToUpperInvariant();
var uppercase = uppercaseFunc.BindAsExecutor("UppercaseExecutor");

// Step 2: Reverse the string and yield output
class ReverseTextExecutor() : Executor<string, string>("ReverseTextExecutor")
{
    public override ValueTask<string> HandleAsync(string message, IWorkflowContext context, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
    {
        return ValueTask.FromResult(string.Concat(message.Reverse()));
    }
}
ReverseTextExecutor reverse = new();

Build and run the workflow:

WorkflowBuilder builder = new(uppercase);
builder.AddEdge(uppercase, reverse).WithOutputFrom(reverse);
var workflow = builder.Build();

await using Run run = await InProcessExecution.RunAsync(workflow, "Hello, World!");
foreach (WorkflowEvent evt in run.NewEvents)
{
    if (evt is ExecutorCompletedEvent executorComplete)
    {
        Console.WriteLine($"{executorComplete.ExecutorId}: {executorComplete.Data}");
    }
}

Tip

See here for a full runnable sample application.

:::zone-end

:::zone pivot="programming-language-python"

Define workflow steps (executors) and connect them with edges:

:::code language="python" source="~/../agent-framework-code/python/samples/01-get-started/05_first_workflow.py" id="create_workflow" highlight="26":::

Build and run the workflow:

:::code language="python" source="~/../agent-framework-code/python/samples/01-get-started/05_first_workflow.py" id="run_workflow" highlight="3":::

Tip

See the full sample for the complete runnable file.

:::zone-end

Next steps

[!div class="nextstepaction"] Step 6: Host Your Agent

Go deeper: